Advanced Placement European History Themes

I. Intellectual and Cultural History

The secularization of learning
Changes in religious thought and organization
Scientific and technological developments and their consequences
Major trends in literature and the arts
Intellectual and cultural developments as statements of social values and as historical evidence
Developments in social, economic, and political thought
Development in literacy and communication
The diffusion of new intellectual concepts among different social groups
Changes in popular culture, such as the development of new attitudes toward religion, family and work

II. Political and Diplomatic History

The rise and functioning of the modern state in its various forms
The evolution of political elites and the development of political parties and ideologies
The extension and limitation of rights and liberties (personal, civic, economic, and political)
The development and growth of nationalism
Forms of political protest, reform and revolution
Colonialism and imperialism: relationship of European and non-European powers, including decolonization
Relationship between domestic and foreign policies
Efforts to restrain interstate conflict: treaties, balance-of-power diplomacy, and international organizations
Techniques and technology of war

III. Social and Economic History

The role of urbanization in transforming cultural values and social relationships
The shift in social structures from hierarchical orders to modern social classes
Hygienic practices, disease, and medicine and their effects on society
The development of commercial practices and their economic and social impact
The origins, development and consequence of industrialization
Changes in the demographic structure of Europe and their consequences
Change and continuity in the European family structure and in gender roles
The growth of competition and interdependence in national and world markets
The relationship between private and state contributions to economic growth; the development of a mixed economy