Nationalism - Process Step 4: Difference between revisions

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| style="width: 43.5539%; height: 433px;" | <span style="font-size: 24pt; font-family: georgia, palatino;" >'''&nbsp;The Creation of Modern Italy'''</span><br>
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| style="width: 100%; text-align: center;" | <span style="font-size: 24pt; font-family: georgia, palatino; align: center;"><strong>The Creation of <br>Modern Germany</strong></span>
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The political structure of the Italian peninsula prior to 1861 was that of a fragmented group of small kingdoms and principalities. There was no political cohesion while internal fighting and rivalries were hampering any progress. However, the people of the Italian peninsula, shared language, culture and a historical background. Some Italian leaders began calling for nationalism with the goal of bringing Italy together into a sovereign nation-state with autonomous rule.  
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The most famous of Italian nationalistic leaders were Count Camilo Cavour, Guiseppe Garibaldi, and Guiseppe Mazzini. Mazzini was instrumental in being the "Heart" of Italian nationalism. He also established the secret society known as Young Italy, an organization devoted to a united Italy. Garibaldi was considered to be the "sword" of Italian nationalism. His band of Red Shirts conquered forces opposed to unification and forced southern Italy into a cohesive political unit. Cavour (shown here) was the "brain" in his role as a skilled diplomat. Cavour successfully received aid from France in a war against the Austrians and eventually put Victor Emmanuel II on the throne of a completely united Italian nation-state in 1861.
| style="width: 43.7785%; height: 25px; text-align: center;" | <span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: georgia, palatino;">'''BISMARCK UNIFIES GERMANY&nbsp;'''</span>
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| style="width: 33.3333%; height: 23px;" | '''The Brain'''
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| style="width: 33.3333%; height: 23px;" | '''The Sword'''
| style="width: 43.7785%; height: 552px;" | [[File:Bismarck and Wilhelm I.png|400px|center|top|frameless]]<span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: georgia, palatino;">In 1860 there was no Germany. There were many German states. Some of the states were Saxony, Bavaria and Hanover. The largest and the most powerful German state was Prussia.&nbsp;</span><br><br><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: georgia, palatino;">In 1861 William I became king of Prussia. He made Otto von Bismarck his Prime Minister. Both </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: georgia, palatino;">men wanted Prussia to unite all of the German states into one great German nation. Bismarck </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: georgia, palatino;">believed that the way to solve Prussia's problems was with BLOOD AND IRON! Bismarck had </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: georgia, palatino;">Prussia fight three wars. First, Prussia fought Denmark. Then they fought Austria. After each </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: georgia, palatino;">VICTORY Prussia gained more land and became more powerful.&nbsp;</span><br><br><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: georgia, palatino;">The war that finally united Germany was fought against France. The Franco-Prussian War was </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: georgia, palatino;">fought between 1870 and 1871. Prussia won. The defeat has never been FORGOTTEN by the </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: georgia, palatino;">French As a result of the war, Alsace and Lorraine were given to Germany. These PROVINCES </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: georgia, palatino;">were rich in coal and iron. The French, were also very angry because most of the people who lived in Alsace and Lorraine were French. Frenchmen promised to get Alsace and Lorraine back from Prussia. The French also had to pay REPARATIONS to Prussia: To make things even worse, the Prussian Army took over Paris until the money was paid.&nbsp;</span><br>&nbsp;&nbsp; <br><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: georgia, palatino;">When the Franco-Prussian War ended, William I was made Kaiser (Emperor) of the German </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: georgia, palatino;">Empire. A new and a powerful nation was created in the center of Europe. Germany remained </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: georgia, palatino;">united until after World War II. In 1945 it was divided into East Germany and West Germany. In </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: georgia, palatino;">1990, East and West Germany united into one Germany again.</span><br>
| style="width: 33.3333%; height: 23px;" | '''The Heart'''
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[[File:Unification-of-Germany.png|600px|center|frameless]]
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| style="width: 48.8764%; height: 29px;" | <span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: georgia, palatino; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">'''Otto von Bismarck'''</span><br>
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| style="width: 51.1236%; height: 29px;" | <span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: georgia, palatino; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">'''William I'''</span><br>
| style="background: #f0f0f0; width: 33.3333%; height: 28px;" align="center" | '''Cavour''' || style="background: #f0f0f0; width: 33.3333%; height: 28px;" align="center" | '''Garibaldi'''
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| style="width: 33.3333%; text-align: center; height: 28px;" | '''Mazzin'''i
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| style="width: 48.8764%; height: 23px;" | Bismarck, often referred to as the "Iron Chancellor," was the chief architect of German unification. He served as the Prime Minister of Prussia and later as the Chancellor of the newly unified German Empire. Bismarck is known for his "blood and iron" policy and his skillful diplomacy and statecraft in uniting the German states under Prussian leadership.
| style="width: 51.1236%; height: 23px;" | As the King of Prussia, Wilhelm I played a crucial role in supporting Bismarck's policies and unification efforts. He eventually became the first Emperor (Kaiser) of the newly established German Empire in 1871.
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<span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: georgia, palatino;" >'''Questions'''</span>
#<span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: georgia, palatino;" >During what time period was the greatest share of territory unified in Italy?</span>
#<span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: georgia, palatino;" >What territories did Italy loose to France during their unification process?</span>
#<span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: georgia, palatino;" >List the three (3) people who worked together to unify Italy, and explain their role in the unification process.</span>
#<span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: georgia, palatino;" >What were the reasons why Italy did not exist as a country?</span>
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<center>[[Image:previous.jpg|75px|link=Nationalism - Process Step 2]] [[Image:next.jpg|75px|link=Nationalism - Process Step 4]]</center>
== German Unification ==
[[file:germanymapq.jpg|400px|center|]]
'''Questions'''
# What was unusual about the territory known as Prussia in 1865?
# After 1865, What year saw the biggest expansion of Prussian territory?
----
[[file:germanyunification2.jpg|700px|center|]]
'''Questions'''
#What was unusual about the territory known as Prussia in 1865?
#After 1865, what year saw the biggest expansion of Prussian territory?
#What was the most powerful German state before unification?
#Who were the two individuals who wanted to unify Germany? Explain their roles.
#What war finally united Germany?
#What was so important about the Alsace-Lorraine?
#Who became the ruler of a unified Germany?
#How many times was Germany united in its history? When?


<center>[[Image:previous.jpg|75px|link=Nationalism - Process Step 3]] [[Image:next.jpg|75px|link=Nationalism - Process Step 5]]</center>
<center>[[Image:previous.jpg|75px|link=Nationalism - Process Step 3]] [[Image:next.jpg|75px|link=Nationalism - Process Step 5]]</center>

Latest revision as of 17:10, 9 September 2023

The Creation of
Modern Germany
BISMARCK UNIFIES GERMANY 


In 1860 there was no Germany. There were many German states. Some of the states were Saxony, Bavaria and Hanover. The largest and the most powerful German state was Prussia. 

In 1861 William I became king of Prussia. He made Otto von Bismarck his Prime Minister. Both men wanted Prussia to unite all of the German states into one great German nation. Bismarck believed that the way to solve Prussia's problems was with BLOOD AND IRON! Bismarck had Prussia fight three wars. First, Prussia fought Denmark. Then they fought Austria. After each VICTORY Prussia gained more land and became more powerful. 

The war that finally united Germany was fought against France. The Franco-Prussian War was fought between 1870 and 1871. Prussia won. The defeat has never been FORGOTTEN by the French As a result of the war, Alsace and Lorraine were given to Germany. These PROVINCES were rich in coal and iron. The French, were also very angry because most of the people who lived in Alsace and Lorraine were French. Frenchmen promised to get Alsace and Lorraine back from Prussia. The French also had to pay REPARATIONS to Prussia: To make things even worse, the Prussian Army took over Paris until the money was paid. 
  
When the Franco-Prussian War ended, William I was made Kaiser (Emperor) of the German Empire. A new and a powerful nation was created in the center of Europe. Germany remained united until after World War II. In 1945 it was divided into East Germany and West Germany. In 1990, East and West Germany united into one Germany again.
Otto von Bismarck
 William I
Bismarck, often referred to as the "Iron Chancellor," was the chief architect of German unification. He served as the Prime Minister of Prussia and later as the Chancellor of the newly unified German Empire. Bismarck is known for his "blood and iron" policy and his skillful diplomacy and statecraft in uniting the German states under Prussian leadership. As the King of Prussia, Wilhelm I played a crucial role in supporting Bismarck's policies and unification efforts. He eventually became the first Emperor (Kaiser) of the newly established German Empire in 1871.
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