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== Political Systems Quiz 1 ==
{{#professor:Quiz #19.1 - Political Systems}}
<quiz>
{
Many European monarchs of the 1600s maintained that they should have absolute power to rule because they
|type="[]"}
-needed to defend their nations against threats from the Western Hemisphere
-thought that all people should have the right to a good ruler
+had been given their power to govern from God
-thought that communism was the superior political system

{
The feudal systems in both medieval Europe and early Japan were characterized by
|type="[]"}
+a decentralized political system
-religious diversity
-an increased emphasis on education
-the development of a wealthy middle class

{
The political system of the ancient Roman Empire was characterized by
|type="[]"}
+a strong central government
-rule by a coalition of emperors and religious leaders
-universal suffrage in national elections
-strict adherence to constitutional principles

{
The political reorganization of Russia after the Communist Revolution of 1917 resulted in
|type="[]"}
-the establishment of a two-party political system
-increased political power for ethnic minorities
-a limited monarchy with the Czar as a figurehead
+a federation of socialist republics

{
"The Soviet people want a clear perspective . . . unconditional democracy . . . Glasnost in all things, big and small . . . respect for hard work . . . and faithful service for the cause and the good of society."

The main idea of this quotation is that
|type="[]"}
+the political system of a Communist nation cannot be changed
-foreign aid is needed to achieve economic stability
-the nation has been damaged by civil unrest
-both the government and the people must make major changes

{
Which situation resulted from the 1959 Cuban Revolution?
|type="[]"}
+Cuba adopted a communistic economic and political system.
-Cuba was denied admission to the United Nations.
-All social classes united to support the new government.
-The power of the Roman Catholic Church in Cuba was greatly increased.

{
Which type of political system did V. I. Lenin, Adolf Hitler, and Benito Mussolini establish in their countries?
|type="[]"}
-constitutional monarchy
+totalitarianism
-representative democracy
-theocracy

{
Which political system is the basis of Japan's government today?
|type="[]"}
+parliamentary democracy
-military dictatorship
-absolute monarchy
-national socialism

{
Which belief is common to both 17th-century absolutism and 20th-century totalitarianism?
|type="[]"}
-A two-party political system is essential for a stable society.
-Separation of church and state should be encouraged.
+Dissenters are dangerous and should be punished.
-The state should establish a strong public school system.

{
Which term best describes the political system in Russia before the 20th century?
|type="[]"}
-constitutional republic
+absolute monarchy
-parliamentary democracy
-military dictatorship

{
". . . for the administration is in the hands of the many and not of the few . . . an Athenian citizen does not neglect the state because he takes care of his own household.... We alone regard a man who takes no interest in public affairs not as a harmless but as a useless character...." –Pericles, 431 B.C.

Which type of political system does this quotation suggest that people of ancient Athens valued?
|type="[]"}
-monarchy
-aristocracy
+democracy
-autocracy

{
The overthrow of the Shah of Iran in 1979 resulted in a
|type="[]"}
-Communist government allied with the Soviet Union
-monarchy opposed to constitutional changes
+government run by Islamic fundamentalist leaders
-government influenced by Iraq and Syria

{
In Europe during the Middle Ages, the force that provided unification and stability was the
|type="[]"}
-central government in Rome
-military alliance between France and Germany
-federation of the craft guilds
+Roman Catholic Church

{
One result of British colonialism in India was that India
|type="[]"}
+adopted a parliamentary system of government
-developed religious unity
-supported Western foreign policies in the United Nations
-created Programs to increase its population

{
Which quotation was most likely made by an absolute monarch?
|type="[]"}
-“The government that governs best, governs least.”
+“I am the state.”
-“The government must be based on a sound constitution.”
-“It is the parliament that must make the laws.”

{
In Latin America which situation has usually resulted when military leaders seize power?
|type="[]"}
-Democratic rule by civilian government is quickly restored.
-Alliances are formed with Communist nations.
+Dictatorships are established.
-Divisions between the social classes are eliminated.

{
The Cuban Revolution in 1959 and the Sandinista Revolution in Nicaragua in 1979 were similar in that both resulted in the
|type="[]"}
-strengthening of the role of the Catholic Church in the national government
-protection of human rights and civil liberties
+rise to power of authoritarian governments that promised to raise the standard of living
-refusal of the Soviet Union to provide aid to the new governments

{
A characteristic of both European and Japanese feudalism was
|type="[]"}
+a decentralized government
-the adoption of Christianity
-an open democratic society
-the many opportunities for social mobility

{
The Confucian view of government and the Chinese Communist view of government were similar in that both stressed
|type="[]"}
+loyalty to the government
-the need for filial piety
-a civil service system
-equality of men and women

{
Louis XIV and Peter the Great would most likely agree with the expression
|type="[]"}
-“government should leave businesses alone”
-“countries should settle differences without war”
+“do not question government authority”
-“all men are created with natural rights"

{
A totalitarian society is one in which
|type="[]"}
+the government controls most aspects of life
-religious beliefs are supported by the government
-the state is considered a servant of the citizens
-citizens can publicly criticize the actions of the leaders

{
During the mid-1930s, which characteristic was common to Fascist Italy, Nazi Germany, and Communist Russia?
|type="[]"}
-government ownership of the means of production and distribution
+one-party system that denied basic human rights
-encouragement of individual freedom of expression in the arts
-emphasis on consumer goods rather than on weapons

{
Which statement represents a characteristic of democracy?
|type="[]"}
-Religious leaders control government policy.
+Citizens are the source of power in government.
-The government limits the thoughts and actions of the people.
-The laws of the government are made by influential military officers.

{
Which statement most likely represents the view of a citizen of ancient Athens visiting Sparta?
|type="[]"}
+"The government and society in Sparta are so strict. The people have little voice in government."
-"I feel as though I have never left home. Everything here is the same as it is in Athens."
-"This society allows for more freedom of expression than I have ever experienced in Athens."
-"I have never heard of a society like Sparta that believes in only one God."

{
One way in which Lech Walesa, Mikhail Gorbachev, and Nelson Mandela are similar is that each
|type="[]"}
+led the people of his nation toward a more democratic government
-fought for power for the black majority over the white minority
-worked to end communism in his country
-refused to participate in the United Nations

{
Which aspect of life in India demonstrates the influence of the British colonial period?
|type="[]"}
-arranged marriages
-religious tradition of Hinduism
+constitutional government
-caste system

{
Writers of the Enlightenment were primarily interested in
|type="[]"}
-supporting the divine right theory
-debating the role of the Church in society
+changing the relationship between people and their government
-promoting increased powers for European monarchs

{
According to John Locke, the purpose of government is to
|type="[]"}
-serve the monarch
+protect the natural rights of individuals
-create overseas settlements
-stimulate the economy

{
In Two Treatises of Government, John Locke wrote that the purpose of government was to
|type="[]"}
-keep kings in power
-regulate the economy
-expand territory
+protect natural rights

{
Which statement would Social Darwinists most likely support?
|type="[]"}
-Universal suffrage is a basic human right.
-Political equality strengthens the effectiveness of government.
+Stronger groups have the right to rule and control weaker groups.
-Public education should be guaranteed to all members of a society.

{
Which heading best completes the partial outline below?

I. _____________________________

*Market system
*Profit incentive
*Entrepreneurs

|type="[]"}
-Forms of Government
+Characteristics of Capitalism
-Structure of the Guild System
-Elements of Culture

{
The government of Japan is best described as
|type="[]"}
-a military dictatorship
-an absolute monarchy
+a parliamentary system
-a Communist dictatorship

</quiz>

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